Mathematics Standards of Learning
Reprinted with permission from:

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Grade 3

Number Sense

• 3-1 read and write numbers from 0 to 999,999 with digits and words
• 3-2 write numbers in expanded form to 999,999
• 3-3 identify the place value for each digit up to the hundred-thousands
• 3-4 compare two whole numbers between 0 and 999,999, using symbols (>, <, or=")" and words ("greater than," "less than," or "equal to").
• 3-5 round a whole number, 999 or less, to the nearest ten and hundred.
• 3-6 identify ordinal positions from first to one-hundredth.
• 3-7 read and write decimals to the hundredths

Number Facts - Addition and Subtraction

• 3-8 complete addition problems with and without regrouping (up to 10,000) of any two whole numbers, and the corresponding subtraction problems
• 3-9 recall basic addition facts quickly (not just reconstruct them)
• 3-10 mentally estimate a sum to 999 and the corresponding difference
• 3-11 use mental computation strategies to simplify addition and subtraction problems
• 3-12 recognize the addition of a negative number as the subtraction of a positive number.

Number Facts - Multiplication and Division

• 3-13 know multiplication facts to 10 x 10
• 3-14 multiply, by 10, 100, and 1,000 mentally
• 3-15 multiply two whole numbers, with and without regrouping, in which one factor is 9 or less and the other is a multi-digit number up to three digits
• 3-16 estimate a product to 1,000
• 3-17 solve simple word problems involving multiplication.
• 3-18 know the meaning of dividend, divisor, and quotient
• 3-19 know basic division facts to 100 by 10
• 3-20 know that you cannot divide by 0
• 3-21 understand the equivalence of the different ways of writing division problems
• 3-22 know that any number divided by 1 equals the original number
• 3-23 divide two- and three-digit dividends by one-digit divisors
• 3-24 identify the remainders in division problems
• 3-25 understand multiplication and division as opposite operations, and use the inverse relationships between multiplication and division to solve problems such as 8 ÷ ___ = 2.
• 3-26 check division by multiplying (and adding remainder)
• 3-27 identify perfect squares to 100 and recognize the squared exponent
• 3-28 solve two-step word problems
• 3-29 solve equations in the form of ___ x 9 = 63; 81 ÷ ___ = 9
• 3-30 solve problems with more than one operation, as in (43 - 32) x (5 + 3) = ___

Decimal Arithmetic

• 3-31 add and subtract with decimals expressed as tenths, using concrete materials and paper and pencil

Fractions and Mixed Numbers

• 3-32 identify fractions represented by drawings or concrete materials to ninths, and represent a given fraction using both concrete materials and symbols
• 3-33 identify numerator and denominator
• 3-34 write mixed numbers
• 3-35 recognize equivalent fractions (for example, 1/2 = 3/6)
• 3-36 compare fractions with like denominators, using the signs <,>, and =
• 3-37 compare the numerical value of two fractions having like and unlike denominators, using concrete materials
• 3-38 add and subtract with proper fractions having like denominators of 10 or less

Measurement

• 3-39 estimate and measure length in inches, feet, yards, centimeters, and meters
• 3-40 know that one foot = 12 inches; one yard = 36 inches = 3 feet; 1 meter = 100 centimeters; 1 meter is a little more than one yard
• 3-41 measure and draw line segments in inches (to 1/4 inch), and in centimeters (to _ cm)
• 3-42 estimate and measure liquid volume in cups, pints, quarts, gallons, and liters
• 3-43 know that 1 quart = 2 pints; 1 gallon = 4 quarts
• 3-44 compare a quart and a liter
• 3-45 estimate and measure weight in pounds and ounces; grams and kilograms
• 3-46 compare weights of objects using a balance scale
• 3-47 know abbreviations: lb, oz, g, kg
• 3-48 measure and record temperature in degrees Fahrenheit and Celsius
• 3-49 know the degree sign
• 3-50 identify freezing point of water in Fahrenheit and Celsius

Time and Money

• 3-51 identify equivalent periods of time, including relationships among days, months, and years, as well as minutes and hours
• 3-52 read a clock face and tell time to the minute, tell time in terms of both minutes before and minutes after the hour, and use a.m. and p.m.
• 3-53 solve problems of elapsed time
• 3-54 use a calendar, identify the date, day of the week, month, and year
• 3-55 write the date using words and numbers, and only numbers
• 3-56 determine by counting the value of a collection of bills and coins up to $5.00, compare the value of the coins or bills, and make change using as few coins as possible
• 3-57 write amounts of money using dollar and cents signs, and the decimal point

Patterns and Geometry

• 3-58 know the term vertex (plural: vertices) and identify them
• 3-59 identify sides of a polygon as line segments
• 3-60 identify a regular pentagon, hexagon, and octagon
• 3-61 identify right angles and know there are four in a square or rectangle
• 3-62 compute area of rectangles in square inches and square centimeters using repeated addition and simple multiplication
• 3-63 identify the shape of faces and edges in plane and solid geometric figures (square, rectangle, triangle, cube, rectangular solid, and cylinder)
• 3-64 identify and draw representations of line segments and angles, using a ruler or straightedge
• 3-65 identify and describe congruent and symmetrical two-dimensional figures
• 3-66 recognize and describe patterns formed using concrete objects, tables, and pictures and extend and reproduce the pattern

Graphing

• 3-69 locate zero, positive, and negative whole numbers on a number line
• 3-70 create and interpret simple line graphs